Following the successful introduction of AM OLED (active matrix organic light-emitting diode ) into high-end mobile phone main screens by major brands such as Samsung, NOKIA and HTC, the market has recently begun to predict that AM OLEDs may also be imported into the current flat panel. Medium-sized mobile devices such as computers and e-books have opened new opportunities for the large-scale trend of AMOLED applications. However, from the current manufacturing process of AMOLED, AMOLED needs to expand the large-size application market, and there may be three key factors such as yield, cost, and market positioning of application-side products, which need to be further overcome by the industry.
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According to research and analysis, the main evaluation factors of OLED mass production include material technology and process technology. Among them, material technology mainly includes material cost, coating rate, Point/Linear source heating stability, material usage rate and so on. As for the main problem of the process technology, the technical obstacles of the large-scale LTPS TFT backplane itself have yet to be broken, and the uniformity of material evaporation film formation is not easy to be improved.
In particular, the problem of vapor deposition film formation rate, the case of vapor deposition of AMOLED materials is the key to affecting the yield yield. The material must be plated very evenly (on the substrate ) to improve the life and quality of the AMOLED. Take the 1 meter square coating as an example. There are also several defects. If you just cut into small size, you only need to kick the ç‘•ç–µ part, the overall output yield may reach more than 90%. However, if you only cut into a few large-size products, you can't use them as long as they have defects, so the yield may drop to 50%.
At present, the main production lines of AMOLED panels are mainly 3rd generation line and 4.5 generation line. The main application size is also high-order mobile phones (3 inches). Therefore, the current AMOLED process yield can also meet market demand. If the next 5 generations of AMOLED mass production is successful, the material evaporation film formation yield is also improved, or there is an opportunity to promote the AMOLED panel toward the medium size application.
But this will lead to another discussion point. That is the current high-end mobile phone with AMOLED panel as the main screen (for example, the Samsung brand), the price is as high as 700 US dollars or more (equivalent to NT$20,000 or more), because the yield and cost of the AMOLED panel are For the reaction to the price of the product. The current high-end and low-end models in the mobile phone market have large price differences, and Samsung is one of the leading manufacturers in the mobile phone market, so it can form such a product positioning.
If you move the app market from mobile phones to tablets, or e-book readers. At present, Samsung is not a pioneer or leader in these two fields, and an Apple iPad tablet computer is priced at only about 500 US dollars (or NT$15,000 - 18,000 yuan). If this time is to be introduced into the AMOLED panel. For the screen, instead of the cheap TFT-LCD, the cost burden of brand manufacturers may be a problem.
Therefore, on the whole, the AMOLED panel needs to be expanded to medium and large size applications. Not only the yield of AMOLED but also the cost needs to be lowered, and the product of the application market that it is to import must be like a mobile phone. Successfully carry out high-order, low-order market segmentation.
According to market research firm DisplaySearch, the global OLED (excited photodiode ) output value reached a milestone of 1 billion US dollars in 2010. Among them, in terms of AMOLED characteristics, it can replace the current mainstream display TFT-LCD (thin film transistor liquid crystal display) and electronic paper EPD (E-Paper Display). Under the influence of Samsung, it is being more and more international brands. Plants (such as NOKIA, HTC, etc.) are applied to high-end mobile phone products in volume, and their growth has attracted much attention.
AMOLED is a kind of OLED, which is mainly distinguished by Pixel Addressing. Since AMOLED does not require components such as liquid crystal, backlight , backlight module, color filter, etc., it not only reduces the amount of materials, but also has more environmental benefits. The display itself has good color saturation, high contrast, power saving, and thinness (panel thickness). Only about 1mm, much thinner than 2-3mm TFT-LCD panel), fast response, no image sticking, good visibility under sunlight, suitable for developing flexible display.
At present, more and more panel manufacturers plan to expand AMOLED production in 2011-2012, which will help the AMOLED market supply increase significantly, driving the global OLED output value to reach more than 2 billion US dollars in 2011, the annual growth rate Nearly 100%.
However, due to the investment amount of re-establishing an AMOLED production line equipment, the investment amount of the TFT-LCD liquid crystal panel production line is actually comparable and costly. At this stage, the panel manufacturers that restarted the AMOLED expansion plan are actually more It uses the existing low-temperature polysilicon LTPS process to cut in, which greatly reduces the cost of production line construction.
At present, Sharp, AUO, Chi Mei, SONY Mobil Display, Samsung SMD, LG Display, Hitachi Display and other panel manufacturers have LTPS production capacity, among which SMD, LGD, Chi Mei Electric (its Qijing Optoelectronics), AUO All of them have mass-produced AMOLEDs. At present, the world's major AMOLED panel suppliers are the largest in terms of SMD.
Originally, SMD produced AMOLED panels in 4th generation lines, with a monthly output of nearly 90,000 pieces. It mainly supplies small-size products such as 3-inch, but it is expected that the new generation of 5.5-generation AMOLED production line will have a monthly output of about 30,000 pieces. Capacity will be released in May 2011, and the second phase will have a monthly volume of 40,000 pieces. The plan will also be released in December 2011. As for LGD, some 4th generation lines are also mass-produced AMOLED panels, but the monthly investment volume is only 30,000 pieces. It is expected that there will be a new 4th generation line in June 2011, and the monthly investment will increase again. 27,000 pieces.
AUO's early production of AMOLED panels with its low-end production line was used for its own brand BenQ mobile phone screen. Later, the development of AMOLED technology was temporarily slowed down. Recently, due to the maturity of AMOLED technology, high-end mobile phones and other consumer electronics have also begun to accelerate the introduction of AMOLED panels, enabling AUO to restart the AMOLED mass production program. At present, AUO is planning to invest in AMOLED production in the Hsinchu 3rd generation line. It is expected to be launched in mid-2011, with a monthly investment of about 8,000 pieces, and a 4.5-generation LTPS production line in Singapore (with a monthly volume of 45,000). The film is also planned to be put into AMOLED production. It is reported that the future is more likely to be deployed to the 6th generation AMOLED production line.
Before the merger of CMI in the three-in-one merger, the original Chi Mei Optoelectronics Co., Ltd. used the 3rd generation line to mass produce AMOLED panels, and announced several times to develop the application in medium and large size, but the mass production process was once again endless. With the completion of the merger and integration benefits of the new Qimei Electric, the new Qimei Electric has re-planned to use the Zhuan 3rd generation LTPS production line of the original Tongbao (a monthly volume of 75,000 pieces) and partially put into production AMOLED. The panel is estimated to have a monthly volume of 14,000 pieces, and will be put into production as soon as possible from the end of 2011 to the beginning of 2012. It is reported that Chi Mei Electric may also mass produce AMOLED panels in the future with 5 generation lines.
As for Japanese manufacturers, including Panasonic, Hitachi, Toshiba, etc., it is planned that new AMOLED production capacity will be opened in 2011-2012, but the production line generations are all under 4 generations, and the monthly investment volume is only 1 Within ten thousand pieces.