Electromagnetic field diffusion definition and process details

The figure below shows the electric field model of the plate capacitor:

The red line is the positive electrode board, the black line below is the negative board, and the blue line is the electric field. So how does this electric field spread out?

We naturally think that there are various kinds of diffusion phenomena in our lives, such as the diffusion of water droplets on the ground, the diffusion of gases of different densities, etc. These diffusions are based on a basic theoretical basis, Newton's law: F = M * A, which generates acceleration of water molecules or gas molecules under the action of force. The speed of diffusion depends on the size of the force and the size of the mass.

We put this plate capacitor on the resistive load, as shown in the following model:

We tried to explain the circuit problem from the perspective of the diffusion of charge. The positive electrode exhibits a positive charge due to the lack of electrons, and the negative electrode exhibits a negative charge because of excessive electrons. The closer to the capacitor end, the higher the charge density, the same kind of charge repelling each other, and the opposite charges attract each other, so there is a diffusion basis, and the current is realized by diffusing charges.

The above explanation belongs to the interpretation of classical physics and is relatively easy to accept. In fact, such a viewpoint can also play a big role. At least, it is not confusing, it can explain many phenomena, and it has improved a level than the simple circuit loop concept. . Because this diffusion model expresses that the signal is from the source to the load, it is closer to the electromagnetic field theory. In the conventional circuit theory, in the brain, the electrons come out from the negative electrode and then return to the positive electrode through the load, and go back in a circle.

However, the above charge diffusion model has a fatal logic error, that is, the charge, that is, the quality of electron existence, and we all know that the signal is established as the speed of light, and to reach the speed of light, the mass must be zero, so, based on The diffusion model of charge, which conflicts with theory, is not realistic.

So in this model, is there something that does not exist in quality? That is the electric field. The electric field does not have mass, so it has the possibility of reaching the speed of light. But there is another logical problem, that is, the mass of the electric field is zero, the acceleration should be infinite, and the final speed should be infinite. Why is the speed of light fixed?

Let us look at physics again. There is a very interesting phenomenon. All formulas are an "equation". There is no "pole" in nature, and infinity, then since the mass of the electric field is zero, the acceleration is infinite and the speed is infinite. It does not conform to the characteristics of nature. Therefore, the natural world must introduce another field with zero mass, and this field is opposite to the characteristics of the electric field to solve the infinite problem. This is the magnetic field, the electric field and the magnetic field satisfy the Ampere's law and Faraday's law, and are mutually constrained.

The electric field and the magnetic field are a yin and a yang. They are like each other. They are like men and women. They support each other and restrain each other. They are proliferating at the speed of nearly 20 years. When the electric field and the magnetic field are just moving forward at the speed C, the electric and magnetic fields To achieve balance, it can be understood that speed C is the equilibrium point between electric field and magnetic field propulsion. This is very similar to the resonance point of L and C resonant circuits. It is just ordinary L and C circuits. The electric and magnetic fields are constrained in L and C respectively. When the electric field energy is maximum, the magnetic field energy is 0. When the magnetic field energy is maximum, the electric field energy is 0. It can be considered that the two phases are 90 degrees orthogonal, and the electromagnetic field, electric field and magnetic field are distributed in three-dimensional space. The electric field and the magnetic field are 90 degrees orthogonal field, and the moving direction is in the third dimension. Because the electric field and the magnetic field are already orthogonal to each other by 90 degrees in space, the two phases run in the same phase at the same time, and at the same time, the largest and the smallest. Run forward in a sine wave.

2.54mm Female Pin Header

2.54mm (0.1") Pitch Female Headers
Overview
The most commonly seen female headers are 2.54mm (0.1") single or double row female/socket headers. These female headers together with its male counterpart are used in connecting Arduino boards and shields together. 2.54mm pitch female sockets/headers are low-profile connectors designed for signal and low power PC board connections when space is at a premium. They have the perfect height for clearing the USB-B connector and great for stacking multiple shields.
Since 2.54mm pitch female header is commonly used in a lot of applications, Scondar offers numerous options for this type of female header. Orientation can either be SMT or THM, single, dual or triple row. Antenk offers 2.54mm pitch female headers in either vertical or right-angle orientation. The pins and blades are also available in various sizes, counts, amperages, and plating.

The 2.54mm can accommodate a maximum current of 3A, with a 30 to 22 AWG wire size, and up to 40-positions. Antenk offers these female headers in high quality and affordable China-quoted price that snuggly fits with the pins of a male header and acts as a receptacle.


Female header always called as [Header connector", Antenk provide widely range of header connector, from 2.54mm (.100″ inch) pitch to 1.0mm (.039″ inch) pitch. The number of pins (contacts) is from 2 to 40 pins per row. There are three type: Straight (Dip Vertical), Right angle, SMT (surface mount).
If you can not find the items you interest from above items, welcome to contact us, and you will always get fully responsive from us.

Applications of 2.54mm Pitch Female Headers
Electronics:
LED applications
Arduino boards
Arduino Pro
Arduino Mega
Solar applications
Weighing systems

Appliances:
Air conditioner
Refrigerator
Microwave oven
Washing machine
Water heater
Shower toilet
Washer/Dryer
Stove
Automotive, Heavy Duty Military and Marine
For densely packed equipment requiring weight reduction and downsizing and for tough and harsh conditions.

Vehicle infotainment
Computer peripherals
Battery Connections
Battery connections rely on the ability of the current to pass reliable and solid current. This prevents overheating in the circuit and voltage drop.
Rechargeable battery packs
Battery balancers
Battery eliminator circuits
Medical Diagnostic and Monitoring equipment

Heart monitors


Communications
Telecoms
Datacoms

Mount Type: Through-hole vs Surface Mount

At one side of this female header is a series of pins which can either be mounted and soldered directly onto the surface of the PCB (SMT) or placed into drilled holes on the PCB (THM).

Through-Hole (Poke-In)

Best used for high-reliability products that require stronger connections between layers.
Aerospace and military products are most likely to require this type of mounting as these products experience extreme accelerations, collisions, or high temperatures.
Useful in test and prototyping applications that sometimes require manual adjustments and replacements.
2.54mm, 1-row vertical female header, 2.54mm, 2-row vertical female header, 2.54mm, 3-row vertical female header, 2.54mm, 1-row right-angle female header and 2.54mm, 2-row right-angle female header, 2.54mm U-
Shaped Female header, 2.54mm U-Shaped Dual Row Female header are examples of Antenk products with through-hole mount type.

Surface-Mount
The most common electronic hardware requirements are SMT.
Essential in PCB design and manufacturing, having improved the quality and performance of PCBs overall.
Cost of processing and handling is reduced.
SMT components can be mounted on both side of the board.
Ability to fit a high number of small components on a PCB has allowed for much denser, higher performing, and smaller PCBs.
2.54mm, 2-row right-angle female header and 2.54mm, 1-row right-angle female header are Antenk`s featured SMT female headers.

Orientation/Pin-Type: Vertical (Straight), Right-Angle and U-Shaped

2.54mm pitch female headers may be further classified into pin orientation as well, such as vertical or straight female header, right-angle female header or U-shaped female header.

Vertical or Straight Female Header Orientation
One side of the series of pins is connected to PCB board in which the pins can be at a right-angle to the PCB surface (usually called "straight" or [vertical") or..

Right-Angle Female Header Orientation
Parallel to the board's surface (referred to as "right-angle" pins).
U-Shaped Female Header Orientation
U-shaped orientation is characterized by the shape of the pins at one side of the header, forming a letter [U". It is often chosen for applications where repeat mating cycles are not required as it can also be used and soldered directly to both PCB's.
Each of these pin-types have different applications that fit with their specific configuration.

Single, Dual or Multiple Number of Rows
For a 2.54mm straight or vertical female header, the standard number of rows that Antenk offers ranges from 1 to 2 rows. However, customization can be available if 3, 4 or n number of rows is needed by the customer. Also, the number of contacts for the single row is about 2-40 pins while for dual row, the number contacts may vary from 2-80 pins.

Pin Material
The pins of the connector attached to the board have been designed with copper alloy. With customer`s demand the pins can be made gold plated.

Custom 2.54mm Pitch Female Headers
Customizable 2.54 mm pitch female headers are also available, making your manufacturing process way faster as the pins are already inserted in the headers, insulator height is made at the right size and the accurate pin length you require is followed.
Parts are made using semi-automated manufacturing processes that ensure both precision and delicacy in handling the headers before packaging on tape and reel.

Tape and Reel Packaging for SMT Components
Antenk's SMT headers are offered with customizable mating pin lengths, in which each series has multiple number of of circuits, summing up to a thousand individual part number combinations per connector series.
The tape and reel carrier strip ensures that the headers are packaged within accurately sized cavities for its height, width and depth, securing the headers from the environment and maintaining consistent position during transportation.
Antenk also offer a range of custom Tape and reel carrier strip packaging cavities.

Pcb Header Connector,2.54Mm Female Pin Header,2.54Mm Pcb Header,2.54Mm Pcb Connector,0.1" Pitch Female Headers,2.54mm SMT Female Pin Header, THT 2.54mm Female Pin Header

ShenZhen Antenk Electronics Co,Ltd , https://www.antenkwire.com