Process method and significance of PCB design for manufacturability

Manufacturability - also known by parties as concurrent or simultaneous engineering or design for productivity or assembly - is as opposed to having R&D engineers build their own Designing a prototype and sending it to production to be assembled on-line without input from front-line production workers has great advantages over traditional manufacturing. On the other hand, a manufacturability team consists of designers, manufacturing engineers: marketing representatives, financial managers, R&D personnel, raw material suppliers, and other program stakeholders (including customers). It also helps to speed up the completion of the plan and avoid the delays encountered with traditional production methods because it involves people from all sides.

It mainly studies the relationship between the physical characteristics of the product itself and the various parts of the manufacturing system, and uses it in product design, so as to integrate the entire manufacturing system for overall optimization, making it more standardized, in order to reduce costs, Reduce production time, improve product manufacturability and work efficiency. Its core is to participate in the entire design process from the initial planning of the product to the production of the product without affecting the function of the product, to standardize and simplify it, and to make the design beneficial to production and use. Reduce the manufacturing cost of the entire product (especially components and processing technology). Simplify the process flow, choose a high-throughput process, standard components, and choose to reduce the complexity and cost of molds and tools.

Process approach to design for manufacturability

To introduce design for manufacturability, we must first recognize its necessity, especially the leaders of both production and design departments should be convinced of the necessity of DFM. Only in this way can the designer consider not only the primary goal of functional realization, but also the manufacturing aspects. That is to say, no matter how perfect and advanced the function of the product you design, it cannot be produced smoothly or it will cost a huge amount of manufacturing cost to produce it, which will cause the cost of the product to rise, sales to be difficult, and the market will be lost.

Secondly, unify the information before the design department and the production department, and establish an effective communication mechanism. In this way, designers can consider the production process while designing, and make their designs beneficial to production.

Third, select personnel with rich production experience to participate in the design, test and evaluate the manufacturability of the design results, and assist the designers in their work. Finally, arrange reasonable time for designers and DFM engineers to go to the first line of production to understand the production process and production equipment, and to understand the problems in production. In order to better and more systematically improve their own design.

1. Seek and establish the company's DFM series of normative documents: DFM documents should be formulated reasonably in combination with the company's production design characteristics, technological level, equipment hardware capabilities, and product characteristics. In this way, when designing, the selection of assembly technology takes into account the production capacity of current and future factories. These documents can range from simple clauses to a complex and comprehensive design manual. In addition, the documentation must be maintained in a timely manner as the company's production evolves so that it more accurately matches current design and production needs.

2. While planning the product design, establish a DFM checklist according to the company's DFM specification documents. The checklist is a tool that facilitates a systematic and comprehensive analysis of product design, which should include inspection items, processing of key links, etc. In terms of content, it mainly includes the following information:

a. Product information, data (such as circuit schematics, PCB drawings, assembly drawings, CAD structure files, etc.)

b. Select the general processing flow of manufacturing: AI, SMT, wave soldering, hand soldering, etc.

c. PCB size and layout.

d. Selection of components and design of pads and through holes.

e. Manufacture of designs for process edges, positioning holes and datum points.

f. Perform all requirements for mechanical assembly.

3. Do DFM report: DFM report reflects the problems found in the whole design process. This is similar to the audit report in ISO9001, mainly based on DFM specification documents and checklists, to issue unqualified items in the design. Its content must be intuitive and clear, and the reasons for non-conformity must be listed, and even the requirements for correction results can be given. Its reporting is on-the-fly and runs through the entire design process.

4. DFM test: How much will the results of the DFM design affect the production assembly and what role does it play? This is confirmed by DFM testing. DFM testing is a design tester using a production process similar to the company's production model to build a sample of the design, which may sometimes require the help of the production staff, the test must be fast and accurate, and a test report can be made, which allows the designer to correct the test immediately Any problems that come out speed up the design cycle.

5. DFM Analysis Evaluation: This process is equivalent to a summary review. On the one hand, the DFM reliability of the product design can be evaluated, and on the other hand, the non-DFM designed manufacturing can be simulated and compared with the DFM designed manufacturing. From the analysis of production quality, efficiency, cost, etc., the cost savings of DFM can be obtained. This can play a reference role in formulating annual production goals and capital budgets. On the other hand, it can also strengthen leaders' determination to implement DFM. .

Meaning of Design for Manufacturability

1. Reduce costs and improve product competitiveness. Low cost and high output are the eternal pursuit of all companies. By implementing the DFM specification, the company's resources can be effectively utilized, and products can be manufactured with low cost, high quality and high efficiency. If the design of the product does not conform to the company's production characteristics and the manufacturability is poor, it will take more human, material and financial resources to achieve the goal. At the same time, it has to pay a heavy price of delaying delivery and even losing the market.

2. It is conducive to the standardization and automation of the production process and to improve the production efficiency.

DFM organically links the design department and the production department to achieve the purpose of information exchange, so that the design development and production preparation can be coordinated. Unified standard, easy to realize automation, improve production efficiency. At the same time, the standardization of production test equipment can be realized, and the repeated investment of production test equipment can be reduced.

3. It is conducive to technology transfer, simplifies the product transfer process, and strengthens collaboration and communication between companies. At present, many enterprises are limited by the production scale, and a lot of work needs to be carried out by external processing. By implementing DFM, the manufacturing technology can be smoothly transferred between the processing unit and the processing unit, and production can be organized quickly. The versatility of design for manufacturability enables enterprise products to be produced globally.

4. The basis for new product development and testing.

There is no proper DFM specification to control the design of the product, and assembly problems of one kind or another are only discovered at the later stage of product development, or even in the mass production stage. At this time, trying to correct through design changes will undoubtedly increase development costs and prolong product production. cycle. Therefore, in addition to focusing on function first, DFM is also very important for new product development.

5. Suitable for the increasingly complex challenges of new technologies in electronic assembly processes.

Now, the development of new electronic assembly technology is becoming more and more complicated. In order to seize the market and reduce costs, the company must use the latest and fastest assembly technology and standardize DFM to keep up with its development.

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