5.00MM Wire To Board Connectors
5.00MM Wire To Board Connectors
5.0mm Wire to Board connectors are avialable in different terminations and sizes intended for use on a variety of applications. These connectors provide power and signal with different body styles, termination options, and centerlines. To find the wire to board set required, click on the appropriate sub section below.
5.0mm Wire To Board Connectors Type
5.0mm Terminal
5.00MM Wire To Board Connectors ShenZhen Antenk Electronics Co,Ltd , https://www.antenkcon.com
First, the type of wind turbine
To analyze the impact of wind power integration, we must first consider the different types of wind turbines. The working principle and mathematical model of different wind turbines are different, so the analysis methods are also different. At present, there are three main models of domestic wind turbines, each of which has its own characteristics.
1.1 Asynchronous wind turbine
Most of the units that have operated wind farms in China are asynchronous wind turbine generators. The main features are simple structure, reliable operation and low price. The generator set is a constant-speed constant-frequency machine, and the running speed is basically unchanged. The probability of the wind turbine running in the optimal state of wind energy conversion is relatively small, so the power generation capacity is lower than that of the new unit.
At the same time, it is necessary to absorb reactive power from the power system. In order to meet the requirements of the grid for the power factor of the wind farm, the method of parallel compensation capacitors at the machine end is adopted. The compensation strategy is that the asynchronous generator is equipped with several sets of capacitors with fixed capacity.
Since the wind speed varies with the climatic environment, the wind turbine that drives the generator cannot always operate at the rated wind speed. In order to make full use of the wind energy at low wind speeds and increase the annual power generation, two-speed asynchronous generators have been widely used in recent years. This two-speed asynchronous generator can change the pole pair number and has two types of operation modes: large and small motors.
1.2 Doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbine
There are also some wind farms in China that use doubly-fed asynchronous wind turbines, mostly from abroad, and the price is relatively expensive. This type of machine is called variable-speed constant-frequency power generation system. Its wind turbine can be operated at variable speed. The running speed can be adjusted within a wide range, so that the wind energy utilization coefficient Cp of the fan can be optimized to obtain high utilization efficiency. Smoother electric power output; the generator itself does not need additional reactive power compensation equipment, which can adjust the power factor within a certain range. For example, the power factor is adjusted from the leading 0.95 to the hysteresis of 0.95, thus regulating the reactive power output. ability.
1.3 direct drive AC permanent magnet synchronous generator
In actual operation of a large wind turbine, the gearbox is a component with higher failure. The use of a gearless box structure can greatly improve the reliability of the wind turbine, reduce the failure rate, and improve the life of the wind turbine. At present, there are direct-drive AC permanent magnet synchronous generators for wind farms in China. All power is converted by ADA during operation, and the power system is connected to the grid for operation. Compared with other models, harmonic management issues need to be considered.
Second, the impact of wind power grid connection on the operation of the main power grid
Since the wind speed change is random, the output of the wind farm is also random. This characteristic of wind power itself makes its capacity credibility low, which brings difficulties to the active and reactive balance scheduling of the power grid.
In power grids with relatively high wind power capacity, quality problems may occur. For example, voltage fluctuations and flicker, frequency deviation, harmonics and other issues. More importantly: the system static stability, dynamic stability, transient stability, voltage stability need to be verified.
Of course, wind farms of the same installed capacity have different effects on the grid at different access points. The access point with a large short-circuit capacity has little impact on the system. On the contrary, the impact will be great.
Quantitative analysis of the impact of wind farms on the operation of the main power grid should be analyzed from both steady state and dynamic aspects. Steady-state analysis is the calculation of the power flow of a power system containing a wind farm. In steady-state load flow analysis, the wind farm high voltage bus cannot be simply regarded as a PQ node or a PU node. The power system with wind farm puts forward higher requirements on the active and reactive power balance of the balance node. It is necessary to separately analyze whether the wind farm-containing power grid meets various constraints of safe and stable operation of the system under the large and small operation modes of the power grid.
Since the working principle and mathematical model of different wind turbines are different, the calculation methods of the power flow for different types of wind farms are also different. For a wind farm composed of asynchronous generator sets. The wind farm and the main system are respectively iterated: firstly, the wind speed is set, and the value ranges from the wind speed of the wind turbine to the wind speed of the cut. Considering the wake effect, the RAHMAN model is used to calculate the wind speed at each fan hub. According to the wind speed curve of each fan, the output force P of each generator and the entire wind farm ΣP are calculated.
The voltage initial setting value Uo of the wind farm is set again. When the voltage loss inside the wind farm is not considered, all the fan outlet voltages are set to Uo, and the reactive power Qi of each fan is calculated according to Uo and P, and The 风Q of the entire wind farm. Since the wind farm has calculated P and Q, it can be regarded as a PQ node, which is substituted into the main system for power flow calculation, and the wind farm voltage U is obtained. The set value Uo is compared with the calculated value U, and the set value is corrected. Repeat the iteration until the calculation converges.
Wind farm composed of doubly-fed asynchronous generator: When the doubly-fed asynchronous generator operates with constant power factor, the slip rate S should be calculated according to the wind turbine speed control law, and then the reactive power Q emitted or absorbed by the wind farm should be calculated. Then, the PQ node is substituted into the main system for power flow calculation iteration. When the doubly-fed asynchronous generator operates at a constant voltage, it is substituted into the power system for power flow calculation in the form of a PQ node. After the calculation of a set wind speed is completed, change the set wind speed to perform a new round of calculation.
It can be seen from the above calculation process that the result of the power flow calculation of the steady-state wind farm electric power system is essentially a table of the power flow calculation distribution of the system under each wind speed. Among them, the wind farm's zero output, maximum and minimum output need to pay attention to three situations.
Dynamic process analysis, generally using simulation methods. It is necessary to consider the models of different generators such as asynchronous generators and doubly-fed asynchronous generators, as well as wind speed, wind turbine and pitch adjustment. The simulation programs PSS/E, PSCAD, Matlab/Simul ink, PSASP are used for analysis. The key to the analysis is the selection of various wind turbine models.
To analyze the impact of wind power grid-connected on the main grid, it is also necessary to consider the reactive power problem of the wind farm. Wind farm reactive power consumption includes: asynchronous wind turbine consumption, double-fed asynchronous generator and DC permanent magnet synchronous machine do not have this part; fan outlet step-up transformer, due to the large number of wind farm boosting variables, there are hundreds of thousands The number of superpositions is not small; the main transformer consumption of the wind farm booster substation. For wind farms consisting of asynchronous wind turbines, voltage stability issues should be considered. Dynamic voltage control equipment can be used if necessary.
Third, the economic impact of wind power integration
The cost of generating electricity from a wind farm plus a reasonable profit constitutes the price of wind power. The Renewable Energy Law, which was enacted in 2006, stipulates that grid companies must purchase renewable energy in full. The cost is higher than the average on-grid price of conventional energy generation, and the difference between the electricity prices is added to the sales price.
According to statistics, the electricity price of the built-up wind farms nationwide is between (0.46-1.2) yuan/(KWh). At present, the domestic wind power on-grid price is roughly divided into: cost profit electricity price; concession bidding electricity price; the province's unified electricity price and other three. Compared with thermal power, wind power on-grid electricity prices are higher.
The randomness of wind farm output may cause the cost of grid auxiliary services such as load tracking, frequency control, spare capacity, reactive power and voltage regulation to increase, thus affecting the efficiency of grid enterprises.
Fourth, the conclusion
In recent years, the rapid development of China's wind power industry is obvious to all. With the continuous increase of wind power installed capacity, the technical and economic impact of wind power grid connection on the main power grid is increasing. The research in this field is not only for wind power generators. It is still becoming more and more strategic for grid companies.
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Exploring the impact of wind power grid-connected on the main power grid
The main characteristics of wind power generation are randomness and uncontrollability, which mainly change with the wind speed. Therefore, wind power grid-connected operation has many adverse effects on the operation of the main power grid. Analysis of the impact of wind farm integration on the grid is a key technical issue for the development of wind power industry, and it is also a new topic for the safety and economic operation of the power grid sector.