To increase network bandwidth, FTTH alone is not enough. Metropolitan area networks must provide large end-to-end broadband to truly ensure smooth traffic and improve user experience. The best choice for speeding up metropolitan area networks is OTN. As the content of people's online experience shifts from text to streaming media such as audio and video, bandwidth requirements have increased significantly and continue to impact metropolitan networks. How to increase network bandwidth has become an important issue in the construction or reconstruction of metro networks. After all, large-scale deployment of FTTH only solves the problem of the last mile, and the metropolitan area network is a large convergence ratio network, just as every household has cars to improve travel conditions, but the road traffic situation is not synchronized, and it is congested as soon as they go out. Back to a state of inconvenient traffic. Therefore, FTTH is only the first step to go out, and the metropolitan area network must provide end-to-end large broadband to solve the problem of traffic congestion on the go, ensure smooth traffic, and improve the user experience. Needs for end-to-end broadband construction in metropolitan areas To improve the QoS of the metropolitan area network, BRAS / SR directly connected to the core router (flattened) is a good optimization method. However, due to the fade-out of aggregation routers, BRAS / SR is directly driven to the core router, and the distance is lengthened, which brings many challenges: the demand for fiber optic cables / pipes at the core layer is high; end-to-end fiber / pipe coordination is difficult, and fiber fusion splicing Increased workload; difficulty in locating network faults; devices such as BRAS / SR / CR often require long-distance optical modules, which greatly increases the cost of network construction; the core router's 40G port self-organizing ability is weak, and fiber optic direct drive cannot be satisfied. With the introduction of OTN to assist in the flattening of metropolitan broadband networks, these problems can be solved: one fiber has 80 & TImes; 40 / 100G capacity, which greatly reduces fiber consumption and reduces the pressure on the fiber optic cable pipeline; opening the business does not require coordination Optical fiber and spliced ​​optical fiber meet the needs of rapid service opening; routers / BRAS only need short-distance optical modules to be transmitted on the OTN network. Of course, large cities have a large number of BRAS / SR computer rooms, and they need a backbone and convergence two-layer OTN network architecture to complete coverage and achieve flexible scheduling. In small and medium-sized cities, because there are not many BRAS / SR equipment rooms, a few convergence rings can complete coverage, so no backbone layer network is needed (the backbone layer is simplified into two central nodes). In some cities, the deployment location of BRAS is very high. Therefore, the number of BRAS / SR equipment rooms is small, and the backbone layer OTN network networking becomes simple, but the OLT upstream networking is relatively complicated. The network between OLT / DSLAM and BRAS is often constructed using the "optical fiber direct drive + L2" method to meet the network requirements in the era of small bandwidth. However, with the continuous improvement of network speed, the upstream of a GE port can no longer meet the requirements of OLT / DSLAM, and often requires 2/4 & TImes; GE bundling to provide bandwidth and more fiber. Therefore, the pressure of fiber / optical cable is doubled. From the perspective of traffic, the bandwidth of n & TImes; GE uplink is relatively saturated, and it is not necessary to converge through L2 convergence, so L2 positioning is gradually blurred or even exited. From the business point of view, the introduction of VoIP / IPTV / VOD and other services has promoted the deployment of multi-edge gateways. OLT / DSLAM upstream requires more optical fibers, further increasing the pressure on optical cables for the fiber optic direct-drive network construction mode. Therefore, the access layer network needs to introduce OTN to realize the transmission between OLT / DSLAM and BRAS / SR, ease the pressure of the continuous expansion of the optical cable, provide optical layer network protection, improve network security, and provide users with a higher quality network experience . On the other hand, the same data plane comprehensively carries multiple services, which puts tremendous pressure on the core layer. At present, some cities in China have deployed the second plane of data to meet these services, and continue to optimize the original plane to meet the development needs of the original Internet business. However, in the case of parallel development of the first and second planes, the construction model of fiber optic direct drive will undoubtedly lead to the rapid shortage of strategic resources such as optical fiber, pipelines, optical transfer boxes and other operators. Therefore, the introduction of metro OTN construction is imperative . At present, most of the domestic BRAS deployment positions are relatively low, and basically only one OTN access ring is needed to achieve OLT / DSLAM upstream access. The deployment location of BRAS in individual cities is high, which requires an access ring and convergence ring to achieve OLT / DSLAM upstream access. Therefore, whether BRAS is high-level or low-level determines the complexity of the demand for access to OTN networking scheduling. The need for high-bandwidth high-end dedicated lines The rapid increase of home bandwidth and the continuous enhancement of the user's sensory experience on streaming media have increased the individual's dependence on video. At the same time, it has also pushed the company's dedicated line business away from pure text and voice, and gradually turned to rich dedicated lines such as electronic whiteboards and conference TV. Business, these businesses have not only greatly reduced the cost of business travel, but also made a positive contribution to low-carbon environmental protection. The enrichment of enterprise private line services will put forward a demand for the rapid improvement of enterprise bandwidth, which will prompt the continuous upgrade of enterprise private line bandwidth, bid farewell to the original FE port, and gradually evolve to the GE port. Currently, there are only two modes for metro networks serving enterprise private lines: SDH network and router networking. Router networking is generally not selected by high-end private lines due to QoS and security issues. SDH networks can provide physical isolation, absolute QoS guarantee, and perfect network protection, which are important requirements for high-end private lines. Therefore, the existing high-end private lines of enterprises are mostly based on SDH networks. However, the ability to provide SDH network bandwidth is limited, and it is difficult to meet the needs of a large number of GE and above large-bandwidth dedicated lines, and the QoS and network security of data network dedicated lines cannot be guaranteed. The OTN network can deploy dedicated lines by deploying end-to-end wavelength and sub-wavelength services to meet the requirements of large bandwidth, high QoS, high network security, and physical isolation. It is the best technology choice for high-bandwidth high-end dedicated lines. 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