Recently, ZTE’s ban on the United States has continued to ferment, and various reflections of various viewpoints have flooded it. Is the performance of China’s communications industry superb? Dispel the layers of fog and return to the communication industry itself. How do we stand in the perspective of technology and industry, and examine the incident and the industrial reality behind it? The reporter interviewed nine experts and presented the views and insights of the big and small businesses inside and outside the industry. ZTE’s ban on the United States has sparked a wide range of thinking about “lack of core and soul†and independent innovation. For a long time, Academician Ni Guangnan, who is actively advocating independent innovation in the field of information and communication, said that new technologies in the field of network information are emerging one after another, but the status of CPU and OS as the basic core remains unchanged, and other core technologies are often built on them. If China does not have its own OS and CPU, it will not be an information power and a network power, and it will be impossible to safeguard the national cyberspace sovereignty, security and development interests. Therefore, despite the GPS, China still needs to develop Beidou; despite Windows, Android and iOS, China still needs to develop OS. Ni Guangnan pointed out that the ZTE incident has exposed our problems in people's key core technologies and equipment and must be resolved as soon as possible. In the key core technologies, we can neither rely on foreign countries nor believe in introduction. Only by carrying forward the spirit of two bombs and one star and manned space flight, can we solve the problem by increasing independent innovation. Gao Xudong, deputy director of the Center for Technology Innovation and Research at Tsinghua University, pointed out that with the deepening of economic globalization, the relationship between global communication companies is very close. The US sanctions against ZTE will not only have a negative impact on ZTE and China's telecommunications industry, but also It will cause certain losses to the US and global communications industries. At the same time, Gao Xudong emphasized that whether it is the state-owned ZTE, the private enterprise Huawei, or the C919 state-owned enterprise China Commercial Aircraft, it is a very important strategic enterprise for China. The US sanctions are a serious interference in the interests of the Chinese side, and China should give a more reinforced response. In the view of Liu Quan, director of the Cyber ​​Security Institute of CCID, the ZTE incident is not an isolated incident, but should be understood in the context of Sino-US competition. Liu Quan said that with the tremendous improvement of China's national strength, especially in the field of science and technology, the United States is becoming more and more threatened as a defender. The friction between the two is inevitable. The inevitable result. Liu Quan said that in recent years, the industry has always had two voices of "independent development" and "introduction and digestion" on the development path of China's IT core technology, and ZTE's US sanctions have undoubtedly made the clearest response to this disagreement: China must Actively rely on its own strength to develop IT core technologies and products. As recently emphasized by General Secretary Xi in the National Cyber ​​Security and Informatization Working Conference, the core technology is the country's heavy weapon. We must make up our minds, maintain perseverance, find the right focus, and accelerate the breakthrough of core technologies in the information field. Liu Quan said that the ZTE incident has strengthened China's determination to increase investment in core technology fields and will surely have extremely important significance for China's science and technology industry. “TD Tieren†and Li Jinliang, a professor-level senior engineer of China Electronics Group, pointed out that information technology is the most open industry in the world. All countries in the world are developing information technology, resulting in the global distribution of the industry chain. No country can complete it independently. The relationship between the economies of big countries has become increasingly close. The ecology of "I have you, you have me" has become more and more. The brand products of a country come from many countries in the world, and the international cooperation and supply of the communication industry. In the high-tech big ecology, division of labor and cooperation is the industry's normal state. It is impossible for a company to "package the world." Although the United States is the world leader in some areas, it is no exception. Li Jinliang believes that in addition to the development of self-developed chips that have recently been emphasized by the media, ZTE should pay attention to diversified supply in the policy of industrial chain cooperation and avoid "exclusive dependence." Suppliers are preferred globally to diversify supply risks. Therefore, it is recommended that ZTE will comprehensively list all the products currently in normal production and the series of products under development, and list the parts, products, software and technologies imported from the United States, which can be replaced according to the principle of multiple supply. From the domestic supply and the list of parts, commodities, software and technology imported from other countries, there will inevitably be a considerable proportion of ZTE products will not be affected by the US ban, and a small number of affected ZTE products will be analyzed and analyzed. This requires the play of the subjective initiative of ZTE's 80,000 employees, or the change of design, the use of American parts and components, or the immediate start of development in the country. ZTE should also strengthen localized procurement. The ZTE incident reflects the pain of China's "lack of core" and even sparked thinking about independent technological innovation. Wu Jinxi, director of the Strategic Emerging Industry Research Center of Tsinghua University, said that it is impossible to completely negate the achievements of technological innovation in China's communications industry. ICTs contain a wide range of industries, and chips and semiconductor devices used in communications are not a concept. It is understood that ZTE's core chips in 5G, optical transmission, mobile phones, optical cats, set-top boxes, especially high-end core routers are all designed by ZTE itself, especially the core chip of 5G. Wu Jinxi said that ZTE, as one of the two high-tech flags of the country, cannot fall. He believes that if ZTE falls, it will be a loss for the entire communications industry chain and even the economy. Wu Jinxi said that ZTE has become a victim in the context of the Trump administration's continuous development of China's strategic new industries and China's manufacturing 2025. But we must also face up to the objective problems of our country. Wu Jinxi pointed out that the country had previously listed semiconductors as 19 major special projects and invested. "But the investment is not enough, and the national R&D investment is not comparable to the investment of a company in Intel." He said, "This industry has changed a lot and is a spider network structure." At present, the processing and manufacturing aspect is led by Taiwanese companies represented by TSMC, and the design software is headed by the United States. If China starts to catch up now, it will take another ten years. However, there are also domestic enterprises that have begun to act. It is understood that Ziguang has cooperated with the Wuhan government to establish a research and development of memory chips. This year, it will be trial-run and mass production will begin next year. “The large-scale production is difficult because the chip is a precision product and the current non-performing rate is relatively high.†Shu Huaying, a professor at Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, said that operating software and integrated circuits have always been the soft underbelly of China's information technology. In terms of integrated circuits, China's imports reach hundreds of billions of dollars each year. In terms of operating software, China still does not have a completely independent research and development. Software with good applicability, these technical shortcomings indicate that we have problems in enterprise management. Aside from the interests of the company, we must correct our attitude around the core technology. According to the reporter's understanding, in 2017, global chip sales exceeded 400 billion US dollars, and China's chip imports exceeded US$260 billion. It can be seen that China's demand for chips is extremely large. On the supply side, China's chip self-sufficiency rate is only 10%. From a point of view, the development of core technology is also a "compulsory course" in China. Shu Huaying believes that to be independent of the world's national forest, we must develop our own core technology, in order to avoid being caught in the neck by others, and starting from the basics is the only way to develop core technology. The three feet of freezing are not the cold of the day, and the gap in China's chips will not be caught overnight. "China has been developing the chip for a long time, but this is a long-term accumulation process. It can not be solved in a short period of time, and it is a long-term strategy." Shu Huaying said. In this regard, Shu Huaying suggested that in the development of chips, first of all, private enterprises and state-owned enterprises should pay attention to each other and seek common development. Secondly, under the support of national policies, they should create a good market development environment for domestic chip companies and provide opportunities for product iteration. Finally, enterprises must develop together in a coordinated manner, and they should not only pay attention to the immediate interests but ignore the long-term strategic interests. In this ZTE incident, we should sound the alarm from the technical point of view. "It is a problem of ZTE's company in the technical weakness. This is the pain of the nation and the country." Shu Huaying stressed. Wang Lei, an associate researcher at the Intellectual Property Development Research Center of the State Intellectual Property Office, said that in 2017 China's IC imports amounted to US$260.1 billion, nearly double that of crude oil. In this context, component dependence is not only a problem that ZTE can solve. Wang Lei pointed out that the state attaches great importance to the development of state-owned self-developed chip technology. It is reported that China has established a large-scale chip research and development center in Hefei and Wuhan, with an investment of over 150 billion yuan. Although the current domestic chip design industry is still weak, with the rise of China in the field of chips, the long-term lack of "core" problems in China's information and communication electronics industry is expected to be resolved. At the same time, Wang Lei also reminded that the chip strategy is not a great success, it requires long-term investment, and must have patience and perseverance for the future. The mentality of quick success is not conducive to the development of the chip industry. Li Wei, vice president of CCID Consulting, believes that after the incident, there have been many criticisms of China's semiconductor industry, but in fact, China is now the world's largest, fastest growing and most active semiconductor and integrated circuit market. China has become An important part of the global semiconductor market, and industry demand and share continues to grow. We should face up to our progress, not "killing a stick." However, Li Wei also pointed out that although the gap between China's semiconductor industry and even the technology industry and the developed countries still exists, it must be seen that the acquisition of industrial prosperity and progress depends not on the “closed country†but on openness, cooperation and win-win. The ecological environment, as pointed out by General Secretary Xi in the Boao Forum, opens up to create prosperity and innovation to lead the future. Li Wei believes that after the ZTE incident, China's science and technology industry should not stop the pace of opening up and innovation. Instead, it should further uphold the attitude of "inwardly promoting industrial development and opening the door to opening up", which is not only beneficial to China's science and technology industry. Progress will also benefit the world. In response to the recklessness of ZTE’s ban and the so-called “lack of cores and less soulsâ€, Xin Pengjun, editor-in-chief of “Communication Industry News†(net), pointed out that in recent years, China’s communications industry has made great progress, regardless of industry scale or industrial ecology. The important forces of the global industry, leading the world in some areas, some areas of innovation are at the forefront and even step into the "no man's land." It should be said with confidence that China's communications industry is not so uncomfortable. On the contrary, China's communications industry has been at the forefront of the world, regardless of industry standards, technology product development, application program capabilities, market influence and leading companies in the world rankings, stealth champion industry. Distribution, China's communications industry is an important force in the global industry. But at the same time, like the competition of industries and industries in various countries, China Telecom also has shortcomings. For example, in some core key devices, high-end chip processors and basic software that determines the ecology, it is also subject to people and depends on international supply. For a long time, the communication industry has made great efforts to make up classes in the running, and has been keeping fit in the completely open Red Sea market, focusing on technology research and development and patent accumulation. In the global ICT patent filings in recent years, Chinese communication companies are in the forefront. In the future, while Chinese communication companies are vigorously integrating innovation, they must continue to lay a solid foundation for research and development. Xin Pengjun pointed out that we should profoundly realize that the international cooperation and supply of high-tech industries such as information and communication are the normal state of industrial development. You and I have you, and you have a division of labor in the high-tech ecosystem. Go ahead. It is impossible for any enterprise to "package the world", all of which are divided into each other in the industrial chain. All key technologies, core chips and low-level software that can be successful are caused by the opening of the industry chain. The politicization of technical issues with key technologies, chips, and platforms is a typical hegemonism in the technical field. It itself violates the "contractual spirit" of technological openness, and it is an impact on the benign industrial ecology. It reflects conservative and Retreat is not advisable from a technical or commercial perspective. At the same time, the communications industry enterprises themselves, under the premise of compliance, in the industrial chain cooperation policy, we must also pay attention to diversified supply, to avoid "exclusive dependence" or "store big bully." Optimize technology supply and collaboration partners around the world to anticipate industrial risks and support a more benign ecosystem to avoid being led by the nose.
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