2012 Zhongshan Education and Research Project corresponds to regional industry development of high-level lighting design and craft professional training model research project number: D12147 China's lighting design talent training status and countermeasures / Qi Jiefeng (Zhongshan Vocational and Technical College) elaborated on China's lamps The basic situation, existing problems and development strategies of design talents training, put forward the importance and urgency of the training of lighting design talents. Through this article, we have drawn wide attention from all walks of life, and strongly urged the institutions with strong strength to set up lighting design related majors, and cultivate middle and high-level technical and skilled talents to enhance the core competitiveness of the lighting industry and promote the lighting industry in China. Development process. With the development of society, people's living standards, aesthetic needs and the requirements of the living environment continue to improve, lighting products are increasingly welcomed by the market. Under this background, China's lighting industry has developed rapidly and has become a sunrise industry. However, with the diversification of the types and functions of lighting accessories and the expansion of market demand, the imitation of the lighting design talents in the lighting industry has made the imitation of the wind become a major drawback of the lighting industry, bringing the development of China's lighting industry. An unprecedented challenge. The intellectual property protection system has been continuously improved, and people's awareness of rights protection has been further enhanced. Many lighting companies know that it is impossible to make enterprises stand in the industry or gain strong competitiveness by imitating or assembling and processing. Only brands with their own intellectual property rights. Design can surpass the opponent and gain a place in the market. At present, there are very few colleges and universities that really open lighting design related professions. The lighting design talents can't meet the market demand. The lighting design talents are seriously scarce, which greatly weakens the international competitiveness of China's lighting lighting industry and seriously affects China's lighting industry. The development process. How to train lamps and lanterns talents quickly and effectively in colleges and universities is the main problem discussed in this paper. I. Development Status of China's Lighting Industry (I) The scale of industrial clusters is large, and the degree of globalization is high. Lighting industry has been hailed as "a bright industry for human beings. Since the reform and opening up, China's lighting industry has formed a Pearl River Delta. Zhongshan, Dongguan, Shenzhen, Guangdong, Foshan and the Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other industrial clusters. In 2011, the total output value reached more than 280 billion yuan, becoming the world's largest producer of lighting and electrical appliances and the second largest lighting Exporting countries of lighting appliances. With the acceleration of the globalization of the world economy and trade, China's lighting industry clusters are obvious, and the degree of globalization is also getting higher and higher. Especially in the ancient towns of Zhongshan, Guangdong, the countries that export lighting products reach 130. A number of lighting products account for more than 60% of the national lighting market share, becoming the famous "China's lighting capital." (II) Lack of innovation in product design and relatively inferior quality Although China's lighting industry is huge, its products have a large gap compared with other developed countries in terms of innovative design and quality, mainly reflected in poor product quality and Product design lacks two aspects of innovation. On the one hand, due to the lack of lighting design talents, it is only necessary to carry out plagiarism imitation or high-priced purchase of foreign design. Experts such as Liu Guanzhong, Shen Zhaoguang and Yan Guoliang in the academic circles believe that most lighting products mainly rely on the appearance to attract customers. The importance of luminaire design is visible. At present, in addition to the large-scale lighting enterprises in China with product research and development capabilities, many small and medium-sized enterprises simply do not hire designers with practical experience. Nowadays, large-scale lighting companies with strength are generally hired by foreign designers for design and development. The design fees for some lighting products are as high as several hundred thousand yuan. In order to survive, small and medium-sized enterprises have to use all means to steal the design of others. They specially sent people to the lighting market across the country for plagiarism. They even sent people to participate in the plagiarism of the Milan International Lighting Fair in Italy. The lighting companies gradually copied the plagiarism and gradually lost. The innovation and research and development capabilities of lighting products have greatly restricted the development of the lighting industry, and also made the entire industry lack of competitiveness in the international arena, which has become a bottleneck in the development of the lighting industry. On the other hand, although China is a big country in the production of lighting products, most lighting companies are small in scale, and some even are small-scale workshops. They have long been engaged in the development of enterprises through assembly and processing, and they are taking low-end assembly and OEM. The road, due to the small investment in lighting production, poor equipment and low quality of employees, the quality of the products is not guaranteed. There are also some large lighting companies that pay too much attention to the output and sales performance of the products, while ignoring the quality of the products. Due to the large number of product orders, the inability to organize production can only be transferred to small lighting companies for production and operation, so the quality of the products is also very unstable. (3) Lack of lighting technical talents, the most typical design talents With the rapid development of the lighting industry, the competition among enterprises is fierce, and the competition of talents has become the primary problem of enterprises. In particular, the lighting design talents are scarce. Today, 90% of enterprises are in Recruiting talents. Relevant media in the Zhongshan City, the most concentrated lighting lighting companies, have made relevant investigations on the talent needs of 1,228 lighting companies. Through surveys of 24 positions including general manager assistants, department heads, marketing directors, lighting designers and technicians of lighting and lighting companies, it is found that there are 10 kinds of occupations in lighting and lighting enterprises, among which designers are at the top of the list. 79.5% of the votes are far ahead of the pool. That is to say, if there are 100 lighting and lighting companies, there are nearly 80 companies lacking "designers." Although other practitioners have experience, many of them are transferred from laymen and lack sufficient understanding and understanding of the lighting industry. This phenomenon in the 2014 monthly magazine makes it difficult for many companies to obtain new developments, which will lead to the development of the company and the loss of its core competitiveness. Therefore, the rapid cultivation of practitioners in the lighting industry, especially the lighting design talents, is an urgent problem to be solved in China at this stage. Second, the status quo and countermeasures of China's lighting design talents training (I) China's lighting design talents training status Lighting design and technology professional setting is late in the 21st century, the world has entered the era of talent competition, talents play a central role in the enterprise obvious. The competition of enterprises lies in the competition of talents and talents, especially education. The competition in the lighting industry is also the competition of talents. The cultivation of lighting design talents is the key to the development of the lighting industry. In order to solve the lighting design talents, it has been in the form of short-term training courses led by the industry for a long time, and has become the main way to train the lighting design talents. Because most designers of lighting companies lack systematic professional learning and training, the level of design and development is very limited. Although some designers have changed from industrial design majors in colleges and universities to luminaires, the number is not far enough to meet the needs of enterprises. Demand. Somehow, China's colleges and universities have not opened a major in lighting design, which has led to a shortage of high-end lighting design talents. In 2006, Guangdong Zhongshan Technician College opened the "Lighting Technology and Manufacturing" specialty, and trained junior design talents for Zhongshan Lighting Company. The training direction was lighting technology and manufacturing talents, mainly product drafters and luminaire assembly workers. In order to better serve the local economy, Guangdong Zhongshan Vocational and Technical College opened the product design (lighting design direction) in 2007 based on the lighting industry background of Zhongshan Guzhen, and focused on cultivating high-grade lamps based on the cultivation of lighting talents at Zhongshan Technician College. Design talents, pay attention to the cultivation of modeling talents and innovative ability of lighting design talents. In 2010, the school applied for the professional "Lighting Design and Technology" major, and was approved by the Ministry of Education. For a long time, there is no lighting design professional in the art design professional catalogue of the higher vocational colleges of the Ministry of Education. Therefore, it can be said that "the lamps Design and craft "professional approval to fill the gap in the country. After several years of teaching practice, the school's lighting design profession has trained a large number of lighting design talents. In a certain sense, it has contributed to the development and economic construction of China's lighting industry. The lack of leading and powerful brand-name colleges and universities from the art design majors of higher-level undergraduate colleges in China, the current art design category catalogue only has industrial design, and some institutions have opened industrial design professions, product design and other directions. There is no professional direction in lighting design; however, some institutions have established lighting design in the art design category. For example, the Academy of Fine Arts of Tsinghua University opened a compulsory design for lighting design in the direction of interior design in 1956, focusing on the cultivation of luminaire design and styling ability. In 1993-1996, environmental lighting design and environmental lighting design in the undergraduate stage were designed. The design of the luminaire is a must-have, focusing on the basic concepts and principles of optics, the teaching of interior lighting design principles and methods, combined with the design of the luminaire, 90 hours. Nowadays, Foshan Science and Technology College of Guangdong has set up "Light Source and Lighting Professional". Its talent training direction is in the fields of lighting, lighting circuit, electric light source, lighting effect, photoelectric technology, etc., engaged in scientific research, engineering design and development, production technology and Managed advanced application talent. It belongs to the application discipline of lighting electronic engineering technology, not to the design discipline. Although the current colleges of art of Tsinghua University, School of Design and Art of Hunan University, School of Design and Innovation of Tongji University, School of Design of Jiangnan University, and Department of Industrial Design of Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, they gradually realized the urgency of the market demand for lighting design talents. The Collaborative Lighting and Lighting Industry Association has held many lighting design competitions. Although the competition has aroused great social repercussions, it has also promoted the development of China's lighting industry to a certain extent, but it has not fundamentally solved the shortage of lighting design talents in the lighting industry. Practical problems. There are many problems in the cultivation of lighting design talents in higher vocational colleges. At present, several schools that have designed high-end lighting design face many problems in the cultivation of lighting talents. If these issues are not taken seriously, they will affect the quality of professional talents. And the development of the lighting industry. The problems are mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, the emphasis on discipline and system is a curriculum education concept commonly used in higher education in China for a long time. This kind of educational concept has obvious advantages for undergraduate education, but it is not suitable for higher vocational colleges. Because the teachers in higher vocational colleges generally accept the disciplined and systematic education, it is inevitable that this disciplinary and systematic traces will be brought into higher vocational education. Some courses tend to become "compressed biscuits" in some disciplines. Second, in the aspect of lighting design professionals training target positioning, planning system, teaching content, talent training mode, teaching methods and means, etc., there is still no good The skill requirements for the professional position of the docking lighting company. Third, the shortage of teachers is seriously affected, and the quality of personnel training has been seriously affected. At present, there is a lack of "double-type" teachers and part-time teachers in the design and crafts of high-end lamps, and many teachers are not professional and have poor social service capabilities, so that the quality of teaching cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, how to determine the target requirements, planning and teaching content of talent training in the professional post standard of lighting enterprises, how to introduce a team of full-time and part-time teachers with practical experience, how to cultivate professional design talents through teaching reform is related to lighting Important issues in the development of professional education in business and lighting design. (II) Countermeasures for cultivating lighting design talents as soon as possible In the powerful comprehensive colleges, the lighting professions are faced with the demand for lighting design talents in China's huge lighting industry. Only the current middle and higher vocational colleges are used to train design talents. It is not enough. Relevant departments should fully recognize the importance of cultivating education for lighting design talents. As soon as possible, according to the actual situation of the regional lighting industry, organize a comprehensive college to provide lighting design majors as soon as possible, and provide high-level talent support for the sustainable development of China's lighting industry. . The institutions that set up industrial design majors in China in the early days mainly include the Central Academy of Arts and Crafts, Wuxi Institute of Light Industry, and Beijing Institute of Technology. At present, more than 400 universities in China have established industrial design majors. Industrial design (丨ndustrialDesign) can be called product design in professional academic field, and product design refers to the material wealth of human production. It is a comprehensive design of the shape, structure and function of the product, so as to produce a practical, economical and beautiful product that meets people's needs. Product design and luminaire design are all in the category of industrial design, but the luminaire design and industrial design are quite different in nature. The luminaire design not only requires the designer to fully understand the process flow of the luminaire production, but also must be familiar with the production materials of the luminaire. , accessories, electronic circuits and technical parameters, only the lamps designed in this way can be transformed into real industrial products. This means that graduates of industrial design majors may not be able to do a good job in lighting design, and must separately open the relevant knowledge of lighting design. There are hundreds of institutions of higher learning that offer industrial design, which is the best platform for setting up professional (or direction) lighting design. Tsinghua University, Tongji University, Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, Hunan University, Wuhan University of Technology, etc., which have both a background in science and engineering and a strong design school, can take the lead and become the leader in the cultivation of lighting design talents. The relevant institutions are fully committed to cultivating teachers and design talents in the lighting profession. At present, the vocational colleges of Zhongshan Vocational and Technical College, Zhongshan Technician College, Guangzhou Polytechnic College of Vocational Technology and other higher vocational colleges have opened the relevant majors and directions of lighting design, but these higher vocational colleges are no matter from software. There is still a big gap between the hardware and the well-known undergraduate colleges. It can only become the intermediate force in the cultivation of lighting design talents, and cultivate the skills-based professional design talents needed in the front line of the industry, and there are still many problems. In response to these problems, the author believes that the following countermeasures should be taken: First, establish a school-enterprise cooperation institution with well-known brand lighting companies in China; second, cooperate with famous brand design colleges to train teachers; third, school-enterprise cooperation, formulate personnel training The plan is to set up a targeted project module; the school and enterprise personnel are mutually hired to solve the problem of insufficient practical experience of the teachers in the school, and the experienced designers and managers of the company are introduced as part-time teachers to make the teaching close to the front line; The actual project of the enterprise allows students to learn in a real or simulated environment; increase the proportion of training (top posts), so that students can familiarize themselves with the process of design, production and marketing of lamps as early as possible, and integrate them into roles. The fourth is to increase exchanges with overseas professional colleges and universities, send teachers to further training, learn advanced foreign teaching concepts, or introduce foreign teachers to directly promote the setting of lighting majors, teaching and international standards. Conclusion The world economic structure is undergoing tremendous changes. At present, the power from the capital market is changing the pattern of China's lighting industry. China's lighting industry is transforming from assembly processing to brand management, but China's lighting industry is in lighting design and marketing. There is still a considerable gap between the network, marketing tools and market convergence and the international level, especially in the aspect of lighting design innovation. We must start from the decisive factor of the development of the industry and the cultivation of talents. Only by meeting the needs of the industry for talents, the lighting and lighting industry can enhance its international competitiveness. Therefore, we must recognize the importance and urgency of the education of lighting design talents. KNLE2-63 Residual Current Circuit Breaker With Over Load Protection
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