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Marine measurement results are tested using a grading inspection and acceptance procedure.
1.1 Self-examination
The self-examination is a comprehensive check of the results of the various tasks performed during the whole process of marine surveying. The key points in the measurement, such as basic control, fixed deviation measurement, special depth and other obstacles such as the detection of navigation obstacles, and the correct disposal of major problems in the measurement, etc., require clear conclusions.
1.2 Level 3 inspection
The third-level inspection of the quality of measurement results includes the measurement process inspection, final inspection and acceptance, that is, the two-level inspection level acceptance.
1.2.1 The process inspection is based on the self-examination of the operation group. The inspection personnel of the measurement unit's operation department shall conduct a comprehensive inspection of the measurement results according to the measurement and measurement task book, technical design book and relevant technical standards. For the on-site inspection and detailed inspection of the internal industry, the on-site inspection focuses on the sampling and task completion of the basic part. The internal inspection must be 100% inspection of the foreign industry results.
1.2.2 The final inspection is carried out by the inspectors of the quality management department of the measuring unit on the issue of process inspection, and the inspection results are once again thoroughly examined.
1.2.3 Acceptance is the inspection carried out by the competent department of mapping and mapping of geographic information (or the party to the task) after the final inspection of the measurement results is passed. The sampling method for inspection and acceptance of oil recovery shall, when a problem is found in the spot check, the scope of the spot check shall be expanded as appropriate.
The quality inspection results of measurement results mainly include measurement equipment calibration, plane control, elevation and tide level control, positioning, sounding, obstacle detection, navigation aid measurement, seabed geomorphology and tidal flat and coastal topographic survey.
2.1 Measuring instrument equipment calibration
Instruments and equipment that are subject to compulsory verification by the national metrological verification agency shall be checked whether there is a verification certificate, and the equipment and equipment that are not compulsory verification shall be inspected according to the relevant technical standards within the validity period and shall meet the requirements.
2.2 Plane control
The plane control results mainly check whether the accuracy of the plane control points used for ocean mapping is in accordance with the corresponding scale mapping requirements.
2.3 Height and tide level control
The contents of the tidal level control results test mainly include:
2.3.1 The water level station layout should meet the requirements of sounding accuracy, and the working level should be measured in conjunction with the national level.
2.3.2 The allowable deviation of the water level observation error of the shore water level station shall be ±2cm, and the allowable deviation of the comprehensive error of the water level observation at the sea fixed point station shall satisfy ±5cm.
2.3.3 The average sea surface and depth reference planes shall be subject to the relevant tolerance requirements.
2.4 Positioning
The positioning quality should check whether the positioning system or means used meets the standard requirements, and the calibration comparison must be performed at the known plane control points before and after the measurement, and the mapping requirements should be met.
The positioning center and the sounding center should be consistent as soon as possible. For the scale measurement of more than 110,000 scale, the horizontal distance between the two should not exceed 2m. For the less than 1:10000 scale measurement, the horizontal distance between the two should not exceed 5m. The positioning center is reduced to the sounding center. The positioning time and the sounding must be synchronized.
2.5 Sounding
The sounding quality check includes several aspects:
2.5.1 Single beam sounder: It should be checked whether the spacing and direction of the layout line meet the requirements of the specification. If the following conditions occur during the measurement process, the test should be performed:
(1) In the general sea area sounder echo analog signal or digital recording signal, and the sounding line missing between the two positioning points when the positioning map exceeds 3mm, when the leakage phenomenon occurs in the complex sea area;
(2) The zero signal or echo signal of the recorded depth sounder is not normal, and the water depth cannot be correctly measured;
(3) It is impossible to correctly draw out the contour line and the submarine landform detection is imperfect;
(4) When the working time of the tide check does not meet the requirements;
(5) When the sounding line interval exceeds one-half of the specified interval.
2.5.2 Multi-transducer sounding system:
(1) It should be checked whether the sounding accuracy and coverage width meet the requirements;
(2) Whether the spacing and beam coverage between each transducer match the width of the broom design to ensure full coverage of the strip;
(3) If there is no geographical restriction, whether all the main lines (strips) reach at least once with the inspection line can effectively evaluate the correctness of positioning, sounding and depth correction.
2.5.3 Side Scan Sonar:
(1) Whether the sound image signal is clear and continuous, and whether the seabed target can be truly interpreted;
(2) Whether the sweeping area reaches 100% of the seabed;
(3) Adjacent brooms shall ensure two coverages directly below the tow and the edge beam;
(4) When the measuring ship enters or exits the survey area, whether the distance of the tow fish from the boundary of the survey area meets the specified requirements;
(5)When the measurement ship's heading deviates from the planned line to the left and right, whether a leaky test area or the like is formed
2.5.4 Multi-beam sounding system, quality inspection mainly includes:
(1) Whether the installation of various equipment or sensors meets the requirements, whether the determined hull coordinate system is correct, and whether the parameters are traceable;
(2) Whether the system calibration meets the requirements, and whether the obtained calibration parameters are correct and traceable;
(3) Whether the line layout direction and the effective span width meet the requirements, and whether the edge beam false information is compensated and rejected by the adjacent broom overlap.
(4) Measure whether the ship speed meets the requirements
(5) Whether the sound velocity profiler meets the requirements
(6) Whether the data processing such as human-computer interaction, line measurement mode and sub-zone mode meets the requirements, and whether the suspicious signal processing is correct and traceable
(7) Whether the various water depth corrections and the water depth point dilution are correct.
2.5.5 Airborne laser sounding system:
(1) It should be checked whether the seawater in the measured area is clear and in accordance with the nominal application waters;
(2) Whether all the main lines should intersect at least once with the inspection line, which can be used to check the accuracy of positioning, sounding and depth correction;
(3) Whether the detected obstacles are verified by single beam, multiple beams or other means.
2.5.6 Line layout: It should be checked whether the spacing and direction of the sounding line laid according to different work purposes meets the requirements of the specification, and whether the deployed line takes into account the measurement methods used.
2.5.7 Water depth correction: Quality inspection mainly includes draught correction, posture correction, sound speed correction, water level correction, etc.
2.6 obstacle detection
The quality of obstacle detection should check whether the detection means used meet the technical design and specification requirements of the project, and whether the identified obstacles are arranged for redundant observation. Whether the detection result is clear.
2.7 navigation aid measurement
The quality of the navigation aid should be checked to see if there is any observation in the measured position, and whether the accuracy meets the requirements of the specification. Whether the land navigation aid is measured to the height of the average tide surface, and whether the collected marker structure and the quality of the lamp are authentic.
2.8 substrate detection
The method of detecting the substrate quality, whether the detection density meets the requirements of the specification, and whether the nature of the detected particle is true and reliable.
2.9 Seabed topography measurement
The quality of seabed geomorphology should be checked whether the measurement method used meets the mission requirements, and whether the data processing results can truly reflect the topographical changes and geomorphological properties.
2.10 Beach and coastal topography
(1) Whether the measured dry reef range and nature meet the requirements of the specification, and whether it is in good agreement with the water depth and shoreline;
(2) The coastal topographic measurement range and topographical points should meet the requirements of the corresponding scale mapping, and can be well matched with the dry reef and existing topographic data.
(3) The calculation of landform, features and dry height should meet the requirements of the specification.
3.1 Quality inspection requirements for main and inspection deep line comparisons:
(1) The direction of the inspection line should be as perpendicular as possible to the main sounding line, and the distribution should be uniform. It should be laid out in a relatively flat place, and the main sounding line can be generally inspected. The total length of the inspection line shall be not less than 5% of the total length of the main sounding line.
(2) If the water depth of the main sounding line does not match the water depth of the inspection line for mathematical statistics and finds abnormal water depth, systematic analysis should be carried out according to the source of the error, and the cause should be ascertained. If necessary, supplementary test or retest should be carried out.
3.2 Frame splicing comparison:
The frame splicing mainly includes splicing of adjacent frames in different years, splicing of adjacent frames in the same year and splicing with coastal topographic surveying frames. The quality inspection requirements are as follows:
(1) Whether at least one of the sounding lines is overlapped and measured at the splicing of adjacent frames, and whether the statistical discrepancies meet the requirements of the specification;
(2) Whether the difference between the inspection line crossing the adjacent line and the depth of the main line is in conformity with the specification requirements, and whether the contour lines drawn by each other are well connected or in good agreement.
(3) The water depth map and the coastal topographic survey map should be spliced ​​together to check whether the water depth point is ashore, and the second is to check whether the position and height of the reef, island, and special shallow point are consistent.
3.3 Mapping comparison quality problem handling:
(1) When the splicing water depth is inconsistent, the water depth point is ashore, and the location or height of the reef, island, and special shallow point are inconsistent, the cause should be identified separately, or reported to the superior business department for processing.
(2) The frame is spliced ​​or the main and the comparison are out of tolerance. Or if it is not over-limit, but there are systematic errors and doubts about the quality of measurement results, the cause should be analyzed and the processing should be written into the technical summary.
The quality inspection of marine surveying drawings mainly includes editorial inspection, self-inspection, three-level review and printing mapping inspection.
4.1 Edit check
The editorial inspection refers to the inspection work performed by the editors during the operation of the chart drawing. Mainly check whether the coders are working according to the compilation specifications and other editing documents, verify the coordination and consistency between the various frames of the set, solve the difficult problems found, and deal with the disagreement between the proofreaders and the editors.
4.2 Self-test
Self-inspection is the inspection of the self-editing work performed by the operators of each process. It is generally not the content of the chart review stage, but it is an important measure for the chart quality inspection. Self-inspection refers not only to a comprehensive inspection after a task is completed, but also to the usual time. The basis for self-inspection is mainly to standardize, edit documents and draft materials. In the self-inspection, the problem that the operator can't solve by himself should be promptly requested to be resolved by the superior.
4.3 Three-level review
The three-level review of drawing (level two-level inspection) generally refers to the review of the original drawing and the original drawing, including: the quality department inspector review, the quality inspection of the drawing unit, and the superior department (or The task is issued to the party) acceptance. The color separation sample and the test print sample are generally subject to two levels of quality inspection, and the drawings are inspected by the printing factory, and the superior competent department (or the task issuing party) checks the drawings.
4.4 Printed drawing inspection
After the printing of the chart is completed, the printing department shall examine the printed drawings one by one. The main contents of the inspection are:
(1) Whether the printing color meets the specified color standard, whether the color tone is uniform, whether the printing is clear and true, whether the drawing surface is clean, and whether the color tone of each set of the wall chart is consistent.
(2) There is no printing or two-color printing or missing printing on the same line. Whether the difference of the same color matching elements in the same line is over-limit (0.4mm), and whether the difference of the common dyeing elements is over-limit (0.6mm).
(3) Whether there are any unmarked contents in the various notes and outlines.
After the inspection of the printing department, the editor and the superior competent department shall conduct a sample inspection of the printing quality and overprinting accuracy. At the same time, it should be reviewed on the whole picture, as well as the annotations outside the title and the outline, the elements and notes that are particularly important in the picture.
After the inspection and acceptance of marine surveying and mapping results are qualified, the submitted materials should be analyzed, summarized, and sorted, and bound into a book, and the catalogue should be edited. The archived surveying and mapping results should be complete and complete, and meet the specified format requirements.
5.1 Ocean Measurement Archives Results
(1) Measurement task book, survey report and technical design book
(2) Instrumentation equipment verification and inspection data
(3) Field observation record book, data collection original data
(4) Internal industry data processing, calculation, verification, quality statistical analysis data
(5) All kinds of drawings and results of the surveyed and painted
(6) Port data investigation report, technical report, quality inspection report at all levels
(7) Measurement recording process
(8) Other measurement data
5.2 Chart Drawing Results
(1) Various types of compilation materials used
(2) Drawing task book, drawing plan
(3) Various source data files, results maps and data files
(4) Quality report of quality inspection at all levels
(5) Recording process record
(6) Other drawing materials
Marine mapping management
1. Marine survey and mapping results inspection
2. Quality inspection of measurement results
3, measurement mapping comparison check
4. Inspection of cartographic results
5, mapping results archived